{"id":744,"date":"2024-06-06T11:17:28","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T03:17:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/?post_type=products&p=744"},"modified":"2024-08-02T10:36:32","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T02:36:32","slug":"walkway-railing-platform","status":"publish","type":"products","link":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/cs\/products\/walkway-railing-platform\/","title":{"rendered":"Vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 z\u00e1bradl\u00ed pro chodn\u00edky: \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1zek bezpe\u010dnosti a trvanlivosti ve stavebnictv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span>Specifikace produktu<\/span><\/p>\n

Materi\u00e1l: Vysokopevnostn\u00ed ocel, nerezov\u00e1 ocel, hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 slitina<\/span><\/p>\n

Typy povrchov\u00fdch \u00faprav: pozinkov\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 lakov\u00e1n\u00ed, protiskluzov\u00fd n\u00e1t\u011br<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozsah tolerance: v souladu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi normami<\/span><\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsoby zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed: p\u0159esn\u00e9 lit\u00ed a obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrola kvality: Certifikace syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kvality ISO 9001<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Hlavn\u00ed struktura
\nHlavn\u00ed konstrukce vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z trupu, m\u016fstku, zdvihac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, syst\u00e9mu horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed stability, rozvodu energie a \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu atd.
\nTrup je z\u00e1kladem vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny a nese ve\u0161ker\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny. Most je most spojuj\u00edc\u00ed trup a vrtnou v\u011b\u017e, kter\u00fd nese a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee. Zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9m se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b k realizaci zdvihac\u00edch a polohovac\u00edch operac\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee. Syst\u00e9m horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed stability je jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stability vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny na mo\u0159i. Syst\u00e9m rozvodu a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed energie je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny.
\n2. Konstrukce vrtn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee
\nKonstrukce v\u011b\u017ee je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny. Na v\u011b\u017ei je nainstalov\u00e1no vrtn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a p\u0159es v\u011b\u017e se do vrtu pos\u00edl\u00e1 vrtn\u00e1 ty\u010d, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k vrtn\u00fdm prac\u00edm.
\nKonstrukce vrtn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze sloup\u016f, nosn\u00edk\u016f, diagon\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdztuh, z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00fdch most\u016f, z\u00e1bradl\u00ed, plo\u0161in a podlah, kter\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b spolupracuj\u00ed p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed vrtn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. Mezi nimi je sloup kl\u00ed\u010dovou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed podp\u011brn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje vysokou pevnost materi\u00e1lu a silnou odolnost proti zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrem a tak\u00e9 spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky na konstrukci a p\u0159epravu. Nosn\u00edky a diagon\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdztuhy jsou konstrukce, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed ke zpevn\u011bn\u00ed a stabilizaci sloup\u016f.
\nZav\u011b\u0161en\u00fd most je vodorovn\u00fd most spojuj\u00edc\u00ed pil\u00ed\u0159e, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159eprav\u011b osob a materi\u00e1lu. Z\u00e1bradl\u00ed a plo\u0161ina odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed za zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti person\u00e1lu a mohou tak\u00e9 usnadnit obsluhu a \u00fadr\u017ebu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Podlaha poskytuje pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funkce, jako je \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b a \u0161kolen\u00ed o datech.
\n3. Vrtn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed
\nVrtn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny, v\u010detn\u011b vrtn\u00fdch souprav, vrtn\u00fdch trubek, vrt\u00e1k\u016f, z\u00e1znamov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro cirkulaci bahna atd. Vrtn\u00e1 souprava je hlavn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm pro dokon\u010den\u00ed vrtn\u00fdch prac\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 vrtn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed a po\u017eadavk\u016f. Vrtn\u00e1 trubka je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed spojen\u00ed vrt\u00e1ku a vrtn\u00e9 soupravy.
\nVrt\u00e1k je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro vrt\u00e1n\u00ed a jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1klad\u016f pro sestaven\u00ed vrtn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f. Logovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro cirkulaci bahna mohou p\u0159esn\u011b m\u011b\u0159it a monitorovat stav v hloubce vrtu a zajistit tak hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh vrtn\u00fdch prac\u00ed.
\n4. Pomocn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed
\nKrom\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a vrtn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je vrtn\u00e1 plo\u0161ina vybavena tak\u00e9 \u0159adou pomocn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b obytn\u00fdch prostor, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed energi\u00ed, sanit\u00e1rn\u00edho vybaven\u00ed, j\u00eddelen, sklad\u016f, kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed atd. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mohou poskytnout nezbytn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed a pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro person\u00e1l vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny a zajistit bezpe\u010dnost a efektivitu pr\u00e1ce person\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i rozvoji mo\u0159sk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu existuje druh za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, o n\u011bm\u017e lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee k n\u011bmu p\u0159isp\u011blo nepostradateln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, a to vrtn\u00e1 plo\u0161ina na mo\u0159i. Mezi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny obvykle pat\u0159\u00ed plo\u0161iny um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na dn\u011b, plo\u0161iny jack-up, vrtn\u00e9 lod\u011b, FPSO, polopono\u0159iteln\u00e9 plo\u0161iny, pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny, betonov\u00e9 gravita\u010dn\u00ed plo\u0161iny, hlubinn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017eov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny atd. Pro pot\u0159eby hlubokovodn\u00edho vrt\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdvoje se objevily hlubokovodn\u00ed v\u011b\u017eov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016fm, jako jsou plo\u0161iny s nap\u00ednac\u00edmi nohami (TLP) a jednosloupov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny (SPAR).<\/p>\n

Mezi m\u011blkovodn\u00ed vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny pat\u0159\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny (pevn\u00e9) a mobiln\u00ed plo\u0161iny typu jack-up. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed provozn\u00ed hloubka pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout \u010dty\u0159 set a\u017e p\u011bti set metr\u016f, ale p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u011b polohy ropn\u00e9ho pole je p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost plo\u0161iny nedostate\u010dn\u00e1. Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi plo\u0161inami se staly plo\u0161iny jack-up, proto\u017ee mohou flexibiln\u011b d\u0159ep\u011bt a st\u00e1t v mo\u0159sk\u00fdch oblastech v hloubce do 200 metr\u016f a maj\u00ed dobrou stabilitu.
\nVrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny Jack-up se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z plo\u0161in, pilotov\u00fdch noh a zvedac\u00edch mechanism\u016f. Plo\u0161inu lze zvedat a spou\u0161t\u011bt pod\u00e9l pilotov\u00fdch ramen a zpravidla nem\u00e1 schopnost vlastn\u00edho pohonu. B\u011bhem provozu jsou pilotov\u00e9 nohy spu\u0161t\u011bny a zasunuty do mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho dna, plo\u0161ina je zvednuta do bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky od mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hladiny a pilotov\u00e9 nohy jsou p\u0159edlisov\u00e1ny, aby se zajistilo, \u017ee se pilotov\u00e9 nohy nepotop\u00ed, kdy\u017e se plo\u0161ina setk\u00e1 s bou\u0159\u00ed. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed vrtu je plo\u0161ina spu\u0161t\u011bna na mo\u0159skou hladinu, pilotov\u00e9 nohy jsou vyta\u017eeny a zcela vyzdvi\u017eeny, cel\u00e1 plo\u0161ina plave na mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hladin\u011b a je vle\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dlunem odta\u017eena na nov\u00e9 m\u00edsto vrtu.
\nPracovn\u00ed kroky samov\u00fdtahov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny na mo\u0159i
\nSamozdvi\u017en\u00e1 vrtn\u00e1 plo\u0161ina se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed: vrtn\u00e9ho modulu, modulu trupu a zdvihac\u00edho modulu. Vrtn\u00fd modul se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z r\u016fzn\u00fdch provozn\u00edch stroj\u016f; trupov\u00fd modul je podobn\u00fd b\u00e1rce, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159eprav\u011b vrtn\u00e9ho modulu a obytn\u00fdch prostor. Zvedac\u00ed modul je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm za zved\u00e1n\u00ed a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plo\u0161iny, obvykle se mu tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, a jeho hlavn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jsou piloty.
\nLaicky \u0159e\u010deno, samonivela\u010dn\u00ed vrtn\u00e1 plo\u0161ina je funk\u010dn\u00ed plo\u0161ina s mo\u017enost\u00ed samonivelace. V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch zm\u011bn dosahuje pomoc\u00ed pilotov\u00fdch nohou ur\u010dit\u00e9 d\u00e9lky, kter\u00e9 se mohou samy zvedat a spou\u0161t\u011bt, aby se p\u0159izp\u016fsobily po\u017eadavk\u016fm r\u016fzn\u00fdch provozn\u00edch hloubek.
\nSlo\u017een\u00ed zvedac\u00ed plo\u0161iny na mo\u0159i
\nS rostouc\u00ed provozn\u00ed hloubkou se rychle zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00ed rozm\u011bry, d\u00e9lka a hmotnost pilot, co\u017e zhor\u0161uje stabilitu vrtn\u00fdch prac\u00ed a vle\u010den\u00ed plo\u0161iny. Provozn\u00ed hloubka je proto \u00fazk\u00fdm m\u00edstem vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny typu jack-up. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je jej\u00ed provozn\u00ed dosah omezen na hloubku do 200 m od kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu.
\nD\u00edky pou\u017eit\u00ed men\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed oceli, n\u00edzk\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm a vysok\u00e9 stabilit\u011b m\u00e1 plo\u0161ina na mo\u0159i typu jack-up st\u00e1le nesrovnateln\u00e9 v\u00fdhody oproti jin\u00fdm plo\u0161in\u00e1m.
\nN\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed plo\u0161ina jack-up je zved\u00e1na a spou\u0161t\u011bna pomoc\u00ed kompletn\u00ed sady zvedac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9my pat\u0159\u00ed zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9my s ozuben\u00fdm h\u0159ebenem a hydraulick\u00e9 zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9my se z\u00e1padkou. Z nich se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9m s ozuben\u00fdm h\u0159ebenem.
\nZvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9m s ozuben\u00fdmi koly spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee se na ka\u017ed\u00e9 rameno vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny nasad\u00ed dva ozuben\u00e9 koly a na ka\u017ed\u00e9m ozuben\u00e9m kole se nasad\u00ed n\u011bkolik p\u00e1r\u016f ozuben\u00fdch kol. V\u00fdkon je poh\u00e1n\u011bn motorem na stran\u011b piloty, kter\u00fd poh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evodovku, a pot\u00e9 se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na pastorek, kter\u00fd je v z\u00e1b\u011bru se stojanem, a t\u00edm poh\u00e1n\u00ed plo\u0161inu ke zved\u00e1n\u00ed a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.
\nZvedac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s h\u0159ebenem a pastorkem
\nV porovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zvedac\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, jako jsou hydraulick\u00e9 z\u00e1padky, m\u00e1 zvedac\u00ed syst\u00e9m s ozuben\u00fdm h\u0159ebenem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee h\u0159ebenov\u00fd syst\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148uje nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9 zved\u00e1n\u00ed, vysokou rychlost a flexibiln\u00ed provoz. Ve slo\u017eit\u00e9m a prom\u011bnliv\u00e9m n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed lze plo\u0161inu rychle zvedat a spou\u0161t\u011bt, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.
\nPokud jsou nohy piloty dlouh\u00fdmi nohami vrtn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny na mo\u0159i, pak je stojan jej\u00ed kostrou. Dlouh\u00e9 nohy se mohou voln\u011b pohybovat d\u00edky podpo\u0159e ocelov\u00fdch a \u017eelezn\u00fdch kost\u00ed.
\nU samonosn\u00fdch plo\u0161in na mo\u0159i rozhoduje o bezpe\u010dnosti a \u017eivotnosti plo\u0161iny v\u00fdkonnost pilotov\u00fdch noh a kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro v\u00fdrobu pilotov\u00fdch noh je ultratlust\u00e1 stojanov\u00e1 ocelov\u00e1 deska.<\/p>\n

Kontaktn\u00ed informace pro dotazy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1bradl\u00ed pro chodce<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed informace o Plo\u0161iny z\u00e1bradl\u00ed pro chodce<\/strong> nebo z\u00edskat \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na m\u00edru, kontaktujte n\u00e1s:<\/span><\/p>\n