Siltummainis ir ier\u012bce, kas nodod da\u013cu siltuma no karsta \u0161\u0137idruma aukstam \u0161\u0137idrumam, saukta ar\u012b par siltummaini. Siltummai\u0146iem ir svar\u012bga noz\u012bme \u0137\u012bmijas, naftas, ener\u0123\u0113tikas, p\u0101rtikas un daudz\u0101s cit\u0101s r\u016bpniec\u012bbas nozar\u0113s. \u0136\u012bmiskaj\u0101 ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 siltummai\u0146us var izmantot k\u0101 sild\u012bt\u0101jus, dzes\u0113t\u0101jus, kondensatorus, iztvaic\u0113t\u0101jus un reboilerus, un tos pla\u0161i izmanto.<\/p>\n
Piem\u0113rots siltummai\u0146iem ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m vid\u0113m, darba apst\u0101k\u013ciem, temperat\u016br\u0101m un spiedieniem, k\u0101 ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101diem konstrukcijas tipiem. Specifisk\u0101 siltummai\u0146u klasifik\u0101cija ir \u0161\u0101da:
\nKlasifik\u0101cija, pamatojoties uz siltuma p\u0101rneses principiem
\n1. Starpsienu siltummainis ir siltummai\u0146a veids, kur\u0101 divi \u0161\u0137idrumi ar at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu temperat\u016bru pl\u016bst telp\u0101, ko atdala siena, vadot siltumu pa sienu un konvekciju pa sienas virsmu. Siltums tiek nodots starp abiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem. Sienas tipa siltummai\u0146i ietver \u010daulas un caurules tipa, uzmavas tipa un citus siltummai\u0146u veidus. Sienas tipa siltummai\u0146i ir vispla\u0161\u0101k izmantotie siltummai\u0146u veidi.
\n2. Siltuma akumul\u0101cijas siltummainis ir no cietiem materi\u0101liem veidots siltuma akumul\u0101cijas \u0137ermenis, kas nodod siltumu no augstas temperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idruma uz zemas temperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idrumu. Karstais siltumnes\u0113js vispirms sasniedz noteiktu temperat\u016bru, uzkars\u0113jot cieto materi\u0101lu, un tad cietais materi\u0101ls uzsilda auksto siltumnes\u0113ju, lai sasniegtu siltuma nodo\u0161anas m\u0113r\u0137i. Re\u0123enerat\u012bvie siltummai\u0146i ir rot\u0101cijas un v\u0101rstu p\u0101rsl\u0113g\u0161anas tipa siltummai\u0146i.
\n3. \u0160\u0137idruma savienojuma netie\u0161ais siltummainis \u0160\u0137idruma savienojuma netie\u0161ais siltummainis ir siltummainis, kas savieno divus virsmas siltummai\u0146us ar cirkul\u0113jo\u0161u siltumnes\u0113ju. Siltumnes\u0113js cirkul\u0113 starp augsttemperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idruma siltummaini un zemas temperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idrumu, pie\u0146emot siltumu augsttemperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idrum\u0101 un nododot siltumu zemas temperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idrumam zemas temperat\u016bras \u0161\u0137idruma siltummain\u012b.
\n4. Tie\u0161\u0101 kontakta siltummainis, paz\u012bstams ar\u012b k\u0101 hibr\u012bda siltummainis, ir iek\u0101rta, kur\u0101 divi \u0161\u0137idrumi non\u0101k tie\u0161\u0101 kontakt\u0101 un sajaucas viens ar otru siltuma apmai\u0146ai, piem\u0113ram, aukst\u0101 \u016bdens tornis, g\u0101zes kondensators utt.
\n5. Saliktais siltummainis ir iek\u0101rta, kas apvieno divu veidu siltuma apmai\u0146as metodes: netie\u0161o tvaika virsmas siltuma apmai\u0146u un tie\u0161o jaukt\u0101 \u016bdens pl\u016bsmas siltuma apmai\u0146u. Sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar netie\u0161o siltuma p\u0101rnesi uz tvaika virsmas tam ir augst\u0101ka siltuma p\u0101rneses efektivit\u0101te; sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar tie\u0161o tvaika un \u016bdens sajauk\u0161anu siltuma apmai\u0146ai tam ir augst\u0101ka stabilit\u0101te un zem\u0101ks iek\u0101rtas troksnis.
\nKlasific\u0113\u0161ana p\u0113c m\u0113r\u0137a
\n1. Sild\u012bt\u0101js uzsilda \u0161\u0137idrumu l\u012bdz vajadz\u012bgajai temperat\u016brai, bet sild\u0101maj\u0101 \u0161\u0137idrum\u0101 nenotiek f\u0101\u017eu mai\u0146a.
\n2. Priek\u0161sild\u012bt\u0101js iepriek\u0161 uzsilda \u0161\u0137idrumu, nodro\u0161inot standarta procesa parametrus procesa oper\u0101cij\u0101m.
\n3. P\u0101rkars\u0113t\u0101ju izmanto, lai uzsild\u012btu \u0161\u0137idrumu (tehnolo\u0123isko g\u0101zi vai tvaiku) l\u012bdz p\u0101rkars\u0113tam st\u0101voklim. 4. Iztvaic\u0113t\u0101ju izmanto, lai uzsild\u012btu \u0161\u0137idrumu l\u012bdz temperat\u016brai virs vir\u0161anas punkta, izraisot \u0161\u0137idruma iztvaiko\u0161anu, parasti ar f\u0101\u017eu izmai\u0146\u0101m.
\nKlasifik\u0101cija p\u0113c strukt\u016bras
\nTo var iedal\u012bt: peldo\u0161\u0101s galvas siltummai\u0146os, fiks\u0113tos cauru\u013cu pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os, U-veida cauru\u013cu pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os, pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os utt.<\/p>\n
Siltummai\u0146us var iedal\u012bt tr\u012bs tipos, pamatojoties uz da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m siltuma nodo\u0161anas metod\u0113m: hibr\u012bda, siltuma uzkr\u0101\u0161anas un starpsienu.<\/p>\n
Hibr\u012bda siltummainis ir siltummainis, kas apmain\u0101s ar siltumu, tie\u0161i saskaroties un sajaucot aukstos un karstos \u0161\u0137idrumus, paz\u012bstams ar\u012b k\u0101 kontakta siltummainis. T\u0101 k\u0101 p\u0113c divu \u0161\u0137idrumu sajauk\u0161an\u0101s un siltuma apmai\u0146as ir nepiecie\u0161ama savlaic\u012bga atdal\u012b\u0161ana, \u0161\u0101da veida siltummainis ir piem\u0113rots siltuma apmai\u0146ai starp g\u0101zes un \u0161\u0137idruma \u0161\u0137idrumiem. Piem\u0113ram, dzes\u0113\u0161anas tor\u0146os, ko izmanto \u0137\u012bmijas un elektrostacij\u0101s, karstais \u016bdens tiek izsmidzin\u0101ts no aug\u0161as uz leju, bet aukstais gaiss tiek ies\u016bkts no apak\u0161as uz aug\u0161u. Uz \u016bdens pl\u0113ves virsmas vai uzpildes materi\u0101la pilienu virsmas karstais \u016bdens un aukstais gaiss saskaras, lai apmain\u012btos ar siltumu. Karstais \u016bdens tiek atdzes\u0113ts, aukstais gaiss uzsild\u012bts un p\u0113c tam savlaic\u012bgi atdal\u012bts atkar\u012bb\u0101 no abu \u0161\u0137idrumu bl\u012bvuma starp\u012bbas.<\/p>\n
Siltumakumul\u0101cijas siltummainis ir siltummainis, kas izmanto aukst\u0101 un karst\u0101 \u0161\u0137idruma main\u012bgu pl\u016bsmu caur siltumakumul\u0101cijas materi\u0101la (iepakojuma) virsmu siltumakumul\u0101cijas kamer\u0101, lai apmain\u012btos ar siltumu, piem\u0113ram, siltumakumul\u0101cijas kamer\u0101 gaisa uzsild\u012b\u0161anai zem koksa kr\u0101sns. \u0160\u0101da veida siltummai\u0146us galvenok\u0101rt izmanto, lai atg\u016btu un izmantotu siltumu no augstas temperat\u016bras izpl\u016bdes g\u0101z\u0113m. L\u012bdz\u012bgas iek\u0101rtas, kuru m\u0113r\u0137is ir aukstuma ener\u0123ijas atg\u016b\u0161ana, sauc par aukstuma uzglab\u0101\u0161anas ier\u012bci, ko bie\u017ei izmanto gaisa atdal\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101s.<\/p>\n
Sienas tipa siltummainis ir siltummainis, kur\u0101 auksto un karsto \u0161\u0137idrumu atdala cietas sienas, un siltuma apmai\u0146a notiek caur sien\u0101m. T\u0101p\u0113c to d\u0113v\u0113 ar\u012b par virsmas tipa siltummaini, un \u0161is siltummai\u0146a tips ir vispla\u0161\u0101k izmantotais.<\/p>\n
Sienas tipa siltummai\u0146us var iedal\u012bt cauru\u013cu tipa, pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u tipa un citos tipos, pamatojoties uz siltuma apmai\u0146as virsmas strukt\u016bru. Cauru\u013cu siltummai\u0146os k\u0101 siltuma apmai\u0146as virsma tiek izmantota caurules virsma, tostarp serpent\u012bna tipa cauru\u013cu siltummai\u0146os, cauru\u013cveida siltummai\u0146os un \u010daulas un caurules tipa siltummai\u0146os; pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os k\u0101 siltuma apmai\u0146as virsma tiek izmantota pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u virsma, tostarp pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os, spir\u0101lveida pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os, pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u ribveida siltummai\u0146os, pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u \u010daulas siltummai\u0146os, lietussargu tipa pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146os u. c.; citi siltummai\u0146u veidi ir paredz\u0113ti, lai atbilstu noteikt\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, skr\u0101p\u0113tas virsmas siltummai\u0146i, rot\u0113jo\u0161ie pl\u0101k\u0161\u0146u siltummai\u0146i un gaisa dzes\u0113t\u0101ji.<\/p>\n
Siltummai\u0146os parasti ir divu veidu relat\u012bv\u0101s pl\u016bsmas virzieni: pl\u016bsma uz priek\u0161u un pl\u016bsma atpaka\u013cgait\u0101. Pl\u016bstot lejup pa pl\u016bsmu, temperat\u016bras starp\u012bba starp abiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem iepl\u016bd\u0113 ir maksim\u0101l\u0101 un pak\u0101peniski samazin\u0101s gar siltumnes\u0113ja virsmu, l\u012bdz temperat\u016bras starp\u012bba izpl\u016bd\u0113 ir minim\u0101la. Pl\u016bstot atpaka\u013cgait\u0101, temperat\u016bras starp\u012bbas sadal\u012bjums starp abiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem gar siltumnes\u0113ja virsmu ir relat\u012bvi vienm\u0113r\u012bgs. Pie\u0146emot, ka aukst\u0101 un karst\u0101 \u0161\u0137idruma iepl\u016bdes un izpl\u016bdes temperat\u016bra ir nemain\u012bga, ja abiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem nav f\u0101\u017eu p\u0101rejas, maksim\u0101l\u0101 un minim\u0101l\u0101 vienm\u0113r\u012bg\u0101 temperat\u016bras starp\u012bba pretpl\u016bsm\u0101 ir vien\u0101da.<\/p>\n
Ja tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta t\u0101da pati siltuma p\u0101rnese, izmantojot pretpl\u016bsmu, var palielin\u0101t vienm\u0113r\u012bgu temperat\u016bras starp\u012bbu un samazin\u0101t siltummai\u0146a siltuma apmai\u0146as laukumu; ja siltuma apmai\u0146as laukums paliek nemain\u012bgs, izmantojot pretpl\u016bsmu, var samazin\u0101t sild\u012b\u0161anas vai dzes\u0113\u0161anas \u0161\u0137idrumu pat\u0113ri\u0146u. Pirmais var ietaup\u012bt iek\u0101rtu izmaksas, bet otrais - ekspluat\u0101cijas izmaksas, t\u0101p\u0113c pretpl\u016bsmas siltummai\u0146a p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas vair\u0101k j\u0101izmanto projekt\u0113\u0161an\u0101 vai ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n
Ja notiek f\u0101\u017eu mai\u0146a (v\u0101r\u012b\u0161an\u0101s vai kondens\u0101cija) starp aukstiem un karstiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem un f\u0101\u017eu mai\u0146as laik\u0101 izdal\u0101s vai tiek absorb\u0113ts tikai latentais iztvaiko\u0161anas siltums, pa\u0161a \u0161\u0137idruma temperat\u016bra nemain\u0101s. T\u0101p\u0113c \u0161\u0137idruma iepl\u016bdes un izpl\u016bdes temperat\u016bra ir vien\u0101da. \u0160aj\u0101 laik\u0101 temperat\u016bras starp\u012bba starp abiem \u0161\u0137idrumiem nav atkar\u012bga no \u0161\u0137idruma pl\u016bsmas virziena izv\u0113les. Papildus aug\u0161upejo\u0161ai un lejupejo\u0161ai pl\u016bsmai past\u0101v ar\u012b t\u0101di pl\u016bsmas virzieni k\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u0113rsvirziena pl\u016bsma un turbulence.<\/p>\n
Siltummai\u0146as proces\u0101 svar\u012bgs jaut\u0101jums ir siltumnotur\u012bbas samazin\u0101\u0161ana starpsienu siltummai\u0146os, lai uzlabotu siltuma apmai\u0146as koeficientu. Termisko pretest\u012bbu galvenok\u0101rt rada pl\u0101ns \u0161\u0137idruma sl\u0101nis (saukts par robe\u017esl\u0101ni), kas pielipis pie siltumnes\u0113ja virsmas starpsienas ab\u0101s pus\u0113s, un apauguma sl\u0101nis, kas izveidojies ab\u0101s sienas pus\u0113s siltummai\u0146a lieto\u0161anas laik\u0101. Met\u0101la sienas termisk\u0101 pretest\u012bba ir relat\u012bvi maza.<\/p>\n
Palielinot pl\u016bsmas \u0101trumu un \u0161\u0137idruma trauc\u0113jumus, var sa\u0161aurin\u0101t robe\u017esl\u0101ni, samazin\u0101t termisko pretest\u012bbu un uzlabot siltuma apmai\u0146as koeficientu. Tom\u0113r, palielinot \u0161\u0137idruma pl\u016bsmas \u0101trumu, palielin\u0101sies ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161, t\u0101p\u0113c projekt\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 taisn\u012bgi j\u0101saska\u0146o siltuma pretest\u012bbas samazin\u0101\u0161ana un ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146a samazin\u0101\u0161ana. Lai samazin\u0101tu net\u012brumu rad\u012bto termisko pretest\u012bbu, ir iesp\u0113jams aizkav\u0113t net\u012brumu veido\u0161anos un t\u012br\u012bt siltumnes\u0113ja virsmu p\u0113c grafika.<\/p>\n
Parasti siltummai\u0146us izgatavo no met\u0101la materi\u0101liem, no kuriem vid\u0113ja un zema spiediena siltummai\u0146u ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 galvenok\u0101rt izmanto oglek\u013ca t\u0113raudu un zema le\u0123\u0113t\u0101 t\u0113rauda; Papildus tam, ka tos galvenok\u0101rt izmanto da\u017e\u0101diem korozijas iztur\u012bbas apst\u0101k\u013ciem, austen\u012bta ner\u016bs\u0113jo\u0161o t\u0113raudu var izmantot ar\u012b k\u0101 materi\u0101lu, kas ir iztur\u012bgs pret augstu un zemu temperat\u016bru; Varu, alum\u012bniju un to sakaus\u0113jumus parasti izmanto zemas temperat\u016bras siltummai\u0146u ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101; ni\u0137e\u013ca sakaus\u0113jumu izmanto augstas temperat\u016bras apst\u0101k\u013cos; Papildus starplikas deta\u013cu izgatavo\u0161anai korozijiztur\u012bgu siltummai\u0146u izgatavo\u0161anai izmanto ar\u012b da\u017eus nemet\u0101liskus materi\u0101lus, piem\u0113ram, graf\u012bta siltummai\u0146us, fluoroplastmasas siltummai\u0146us un stikla siltummai\u0146us.<\/p>\n
Galven\u0101s siltummai\u0146u izmanto\u0161anas jomas
\n1\u3001 \u0136\u012bmisk\u0101 r\u016bpniec\u012bba
\nSiltummai\u0146us pla\u0161i izmanto \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101 r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101, un tos var izmantot da\u017e\u0101dos procesos, piem\u0113ram, kondens\u0101cij\u0101, iztvaic\u0113\u0161an\u0101, kristaliz\u0101cij\u0101, \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161an\u0101 un pirol\u012bz\u0113. Bie\u017ei pielietojumi ir tvaika sild\u012b\u0161ana, dzes\u0113\u0161anas \u0161\u0137idruma atg\u016b\u0161ana, koncentr\u0113\u0161ana, sild\u012b\u0161ana un dzes\u0113\u0161ana u. c. Siltuma p\u0101rnesi var pan\u0101kt ar siltummai\u0146iem, kas var samazin\u0101t kait\u012bgo g\u0101zu emisijas un uzlabot ra\u017eo\u0161anas efektivit\u0101ti.
\n2\u3001 Ener\u0123\u0113tikas nozare
\nEner\u0123\u0113tikas nozar\u0113 siltummai\u0146i galvenok\u0101rt tiek izmantoti naftas, dabasg\u0101zes, kodolener\u0123ijas, v\u0113ja ener\u0123ijas, saules ener\u0123ijas u. c. nozar\u0113s. Siltummai\u0146us var izmantot naftas un dabasg\u0101zes sild\u012b\u0161anai, dzes\u0113\u0161anai un destil\u0101cijai. Tie var re\u0123ener\u0113t izlietoto siltumu un pieg\u0101d\u0101t siltumener\u0123iju cit\u0101m iek\u0101rt\u0101m, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di pan\u0101kot efekt\u012bvu ener\u0123ijas izmanto\u0161anu.
\n3\u3001 Vides aizsardz\u012bbas nozare
\nSiltummai\u0146iem ir ar\u012b svar\u012bgi pielietojumi vides aizsardz\u012bbas nozar\u0113, jo tos var izmantot da\u017e\u0101dos aspektos, piem\u0113ram, notek\u016bde\u0146u att\u012br\u012b\u0161an\u0101, g\u0101zes att\u012br\u012b\u0161an\u0101 un d\u016b\u0146u \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161an\u0101. Siltummai\u0146u izmanto\u0161ana var samazin\u0101t izpl\u016bdes g\u0101zu, notek\u016bde\u0146u un s\u0101r\u0146u izpl\u016bdi, samazin\u0101t pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu un uzlabot vides aizsardz\u012bbas efektivit\u0101ti.
\n4\u3001 P\u0101rtikas un farm\u0101cijas r\u016bpniec\u012bba
\nT\u0101d\u0101s nozar\u0113s k\u0101 p\u0101rtikas r\u016bpniec\u012bba un medic\u012bna siltummai\u0146us galvenok\u0101rt izmanto sild\u012b\u0161anai, dzes\u0113\u0161anai, iztvaic\u0113\u0161anai, koncentr\u0113\u0161anai un citiem procesiem. P\u0101rtikas p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0113 siltummai\u0146us var izmantot dezinfekcijai un steriliz\u0101cijai, uzlabojot p\u0101rtikas kvalit\u0101ti un nekait\u012bgumu; farm\u0101cijas r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 ar siltummai\u0146iem var kontrol\u0113t reakcijas temperat\u016bru, pan\u0101kt z\u0101\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anas precizit\u0101ti un uzlabot produktu kvalit\u0101ti.
\n5\u3001 B\u016bvniec\u012bba
\nB\u016bvniec\u012bbas nozar\u0113 siltummai\u0146us galvenok\u0101rt izmanto t\u0101d\u0101s jom\u0101s k\u0101 HVAC un gaisa kondicion\u0113\u0161ana. Izmantojot siltummaini, var nodro\u0161in\u0101t gaisa sild\u012b\u0161anu, dzes\u0113\u0161anu, sausin\u0101\u0161anu un citas funkcijas situ\u0101cij\u0101s, kad ir liela temperat\u016bras starp\u012bba starp iek\u0161telp\u0101m un \u0101ra telp\u0101m, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di uzlabojot iek\u0161telpu vidi un paaugstinot komfortu.<\/p>\n
Kontaktinform\u0101cija Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger piepras\u012bjumiem<\/span><\/p>\n Lai ieg\u016btu vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas par \u010daulas un cauru\u013cu siltummaini vai ieg\u016btu piel\u0101gotus risin\u0101jumus, l\u016bdzu, sazinieties ar mums:<\/span><\/p>\n M\u0113s ceram sadarboties ar jums un sniegt stabilu atbalstu un pakalpojumus j\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113mumam.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Korpusa un cauru\u013cu siltummainis ir galvenais CHINA MACHINERY ENGINEERING WUXI CO., LTD. produkts. Tas ir galvenais produkts, ko pla\u0161i izmanto daudz\u0101s nozar\u0113s un pielietojuma scen\u0101rijos, piem\u0113ram, \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101 apstr\u0101d\u0113, naftas p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0113 un elektroener\u0123ijas ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":785,"template":"","adweb_product_categories":[53],"adweb_product_tags":[139,109,143,142,141,140],"gallery":[787,788,789,790,791,792,793,794,795,796,797,798,799],"order":"0","acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adweb_products\/784"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adweb_products"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/products"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"adweb_product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adweb_product_categories?post=784"},{"taxonomy":"adweb_product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cmecsteel.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adweb_product_tags?post=784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n